深圳市龙华区居民代谢性综合征流行状况及相关因素分析

目的 了解深圳市龙华区代谢综合征发病情况及相关因素。方法 采取横断面研究，经过多阶段随机抽样，最终确定1 015名调查对象。调查内容包括问卷调查、身体测量和实验室检测。结果 龙华区代谢综合征的患病率为15.57%， 11种组分组合中，有4个组分组合的比例为28.49%，有5个组分组合的比例为5.06%。膳食调查中，水果分别在代谢综合征和非代谢综合征被调查者中的摄入有统计学差异（Z = - 2.47, P = 0.0135）。logistic回归分析结果显示在控制了年龄、性别、婚姻和户籍所在地后，不吸烟者与吸烟≥20支/天者相比，患代谢综合征的可能性可降低58%。性别分别与年龄和BMI的交互效应结果显示，女性在55～65岁，或女性肥胖，患代谢综合征的可能性分别是男性的40.56倍和32.82倍。结论 龙华区代谢性综合征患病情况不容乐观，因代谢性综合征诱导的心血管疾病风险较大，应针对其风险因素采取措施，以控制代谢性综合征的发生，并控制其进行性发展。     

SI和DBP对女性产后出血的风险预测效果

目的考察休克指数(shock index,SI)和舒张压(diastolic blood pressure,DBP)对女性产后出血的风险预测效果。方法选取2016年1月～2018年12月在我院行产检并分娩的320例产后出血孕妇作为研究组,另外选取同期进行正常分娩的健康孕妇240例作为对照组,比较两组患者的一般临床资料、血红蛋白(hemoglobin,Hb)、舒张压(diastolic blood pressure,DBP)、收缩压(systolic blood pressure,SBP)、心率(heart rate,HR)及休克指数(shock index,SI),并采用Ordinal逻辑回归分析各参数对产后出血的风险预警。结果两组患者在年龄、孕周、BMI及新生儿体重相比,差异无统计学意义(P0.05),而孕次相比,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组产后24 h相比,研究组产后24 h患者的DBP、SBP及Hb均显著降低,而HR和SI显著升高(P0.05);与对照组产前相比,产后24 h患者的SBP、HR及SI显著降低(P0.05);与研究组产前相比,产后24 h患者的DBP、SBP、HR及Hb均显著降低,而SI显著升高,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);Ordinal逻辑回归分析结果显示,休克指数和舒张压对产后出血具有预警作用(P0.05)。结论休克指数和舒张压可作为评估女性产后出血的风险预测指标,临床应密切监护。     

北京市2017-2018年卫生资源公平性分析

基于对北京市居民对基本社会医疗保险制度的调查及《北京市统计年鉴》的数据,运用卫生资源分布图、集中指数和卡瓦尼指数等方法从资源总体配置公平性、卫生筹资公平性、卫生资源分布公平性3个方面分析北京市2017年、2018年卫生资源配置的情况。2017年、2018年的集中指数、基尼系数、卡瓦尼指数分别为-0.148、0.244、-0.392及-0.065、0.220、-0.285。并针对性提出统筹城乡基本医保,重视卫生资源的合理配置,保障低收入人群诊疗权益,满足不同人群对医保的需求,增加制度的灵活性,使医保向更公平的方向发展等可操作性政策建议。     

The influence of obesity on the motor coordination in children between 6 and 9 years of age

ObjectiveObesity is the most common childhood illness in developed countries and its prevalence continues to increase. The objective was to analyze the influence of obesity on the motor coordination of children between 6 and 9 years old.Equipment and methodsA number of 52 pupils of both genders participated for evaluation of the prevalence of obesity using the measurement of the abdominal perimeter and the Body Mass Index (BMI) categorized as Normal-Weighted, Excess Weight and Obesity. The assessment of motor coordination was performed by the KTK test. SPSS (version 19.0) was used for statistical purposes.ResultsGirls had lower levels of performance rather than boys, and the pupils presented worse levels of motor performance as the age progressed. Regarding the prevalence of obesity, the two-gender obtained high mean values for the Normal-weighted category, whereas 25% is overweight. Regarding the level of motor coordination, 57.7% of the pupils had Normal Coordination and 40.4% had coordinative difficulties. Pupils with higher values of BMI and abdominal perimeter obtains lower results of motor coordination.     

Variation of circadian activity rhythm according to body mass index in children

Background/objectivesThis study aimed to examine the variations of circadian activity rhythm of children according to objective body mass index (BMI) values, using a novel statistical framework (ie, Functional Linear Modeling, FLM), separately for school- and weekend days.MethodsA total of 107 participants (60 females; mean age: 10.25 ± 0.48 years) wore an actigraph for seven days during a regular school-week. While valid actigraphic data during school days were available for each of these children, this number decreased to 53 (31 females; mean age: 10.28 ± 0.51 years) during weekend days.ResultsExamining the school days, significantly higher motor activity in participants with higher BMI was observed from around 4:00 a.m. to 6:00 a.m., with a peak about 5:00 a.m. On the contrary, applying the FLM to the weekend days actigraphic data, no significantly different variation of circadian activity rhythm was observed, according to BMI.ConclusionsIn this specific sample of children, during school days, higher BMI is associated with higher activity level in a specific time window in the second half of nocturnal sleep. The lack of significant findings during weekend days could be explained because of higher variability of get-up time and/or the reduced sample size. Future longitudinal studies could explore if the higher motor activity in that specific time window qualifies as a predictive marker of the development of overweight and obesity. If so, early preventive strategies directed towards those at higher risk could be effectively implemented.     

Assessment of diurnal variation of stride time variability during continuous,overground walking in healthy young adults

Background: There is emerging evidence that gait variability outcomes provide unique insights regarding the status of an individual’s locomotor control system; however, there is currently limited evidence on the within-day reliability of stride time variability (STV) outcomes, or whether they demonstrate diurnal variation, when measured during continuous, overground walking in healthy young adults.Research Questions: 1) Are STV outcomes measured in the morning and afternoon during continuous, overground walking significantly different in healthy young adults? 2) What is the within-day reliability of STV outcomes measured during continuous, overground walking in healthy young adults?.Methods: Thirty-one healthy young adults (20.8 ± 3.7 years) completed two 10-minute continuous, overground walking trials on the same day (9:00-11:00am and 3:00-5:00pm) at their preferred walking speed. Data from a waist-mounted tri-axial accelerometer were used to determine the series of consecutive stride times for each trial.Results: There were no significant differences between sessions for average walking speed, average stride time, or STV. The within-day reliability was excellent for average walking speed and stride time, and generally poor to fair for STV.Significance: Healthy young adults do not appear to demonstrate diurnal variation in STV outcomes during continuous, overground walking; however, the development of a protocol to improve their reliability, as well as the establishment of normative ranges for such outcomes, would be beneficial to improve their application and interpretation in research and clinical settings.     

知母种子质量分级标准的研究

目的:研究制定知母种子的质量分级标准。方法:通过对不同产地20个批次知母种子的净度、千粒质量、含水量、生活力、发芽率等指标测定和外观形态观察,利用Excel 2010、SPSS 20.0软件对以上数据进行相关分析、主成分以及K-均值聚类分析,初步确定知母种子质量分级指标和分级标准,且以各等级知母种子分别在田间对比种植,通过测定1年产苗量,2年药材产量及有效成分含量,验证知母种子质量分级标准的合理性。结果:Ⅰ级知母种子发芽率不低于85%,千粒质量不低于7.5 g,净度不低于95%;Ⅱ级知母种子发芽率不低于70%,千粒质量不低于7.0 g,净度不低于85%;Ⅲ级知母种子发芽率不低于65%,千粒质量不低于6.0 g,净度不低于80%;各级种子含水量均小于10%。结论:发芽率和千粒质量为知母种子质量分级标准的主要指标,净度和含水量为参考指标。不同等级知母种子种植后对知母种苗产量、药材产量及质量会有显著影响。该研究制定的知母种子质量分级标准科学可行、符合生产实际,为知母的种子质量评价和规范化栽培提供参考依据。